Spider writing paper
Monday, August 24, 2020
Essay about PHI103 Week 1 Media Quiz
Exposition about PHI103 Week 1 Media Quiz Exposition about PHI103 Week 1 Media Quiz Evaluating Summary These are the consequently figured aftereffects of your test. Evaluations for paper questions, and remarks from your teacher, are in the Subtleties segment beneath. Date Taken: 6/7/2015 Time Spent: 28 min , 21 secs Focuses Received: 8/10 (80%) Question Type: # Of Questions: # Correct: Valid/False 1 1 Different Choice 9 7 Evaluation Details - All Questions Question 1. Question : The term used to depict introducing things from a particular viewpoint while not giving a lot of consideration to different perspectives. Understudy Answer: Subjectivity Commercials Personal stake Inclination Nothing unless there are other options Educator Explanation: The appropriate response can be found in the video Credibility â⬠Critical Thinking. Focuses Received: 1 of 1 Remarks: Question 2. Question : As indicated by West, one of the essential inquiries that one can use to situate oneself corresponding to the quest for reasoning is the accompanying: Understudy Answer: How might I discover reality? What is the idea of the real world? How might I figure out how incredible? How might I be cheerful? The entirety of the abovementioned? Teacher Explanation: The appropriate response can be found in the video Examined Life: Cornel West on Truth. Focuses Received: 1 of 1 Remarks: Question 3. Question : Plato bans this instrument in the Republic. Understudy Answer: Lyre Woodwind Horn Gong Nothing unless there are other options Educator Explanation: The appropriate response can be found in the video Examined Life: Cornel West on Truth. Focuses Received: 1 of 1 Remarks: Question 4. Question : Westââ¬â¢s blues start with concordance. Understudy Answer: Valid Bogus Teacher Explanation: The appropriate response can be found in the video Examined Life: Cornel West on Truth. Focuses Received: 1 of 1 Remarks: Question 5. Question : As per West, the quest for thought and reasoning takes this: Understudy Answer: Morals Pardoning Liberality Mental fortitude Nothing from what was just mentioned Teacher Explanation: The appropriate response can be found in the video Examined Life: Cornel West on Truth. Focuses Received: 1 of 1 Remarks: Question 6. Question : In the validity video, Edith Thompson slaughtered her better half by: Understudy Answer: Harming him Taking care of him a ground up light She wounded him She shot him She didnââ¬â¢t murder him Educator Explanation: The appropriate response can be found in the video Credibility â⬠Critical Thinking. Focuses Received: 1 of 1 Remarks: Question 7. Question : The subject of the video This is Water By David Foster Wallace is best caught in which of the accompanying explanations? Understudy Answer: Day by day schedules for grown-ups are exhausting and baffling. School grants information that we can use to propel our lives. There is
Saturday, August 22, 2020
Reason for Seeking a College Degree Essay
The motivation behind this paper is to talk about why I decided to look for a higher education, my learning style as found by the consequences of polls, and the way that I feel the outcomes are precise for me by and by. Everybody has their own individual explanations behind seeking after a higher education. For me, it is the longing to turn into a state Game Warden subsequent to resigning from the military. Being a state Game Warden necessitates that I have a degree in the natural or untamed life sciences. In a calling this way, it is significant that one has an unmistakable and compact comprehension of natural life science at a university level. To be a reasonable applicant in this calling, an advanced education is important to introduce myself as a serious individual for the activity I am looking to fill. Regardless of whether I have hands on preparing or experience, the advanced education will show that I have the information base to enable me to prevail as a superintendent. The ultimate objective in my quest for an advanced education is to not just widen my extent of information and abilities, yet to open vocation goals that would somehow be unreachable for me without a degree. Yet, before I put things in the wrong order, graduating with degree close by requires I genuinely know myself all around. Fundamentally I have to comprehend what my own realizing style is. Learning styles are not actually picked, they are regular and innate to every student. As per Felder and Soloman (n. d. ) there are a few distinctive learning styles: Active, Reflective, Visual, Auditory, Tactile, Sensing, Intuitive, Verbal, Sequential and Global. To discover what sort of student you are, a basic survey or test can be brought to limit these choices down. In taking Felder and Solomanââ¬â¢s Index of Learning Styles Questionnaire (n. d.) and the Learning Style Inventory (Penn State, 2010) poll, I have found that I am a functioning student and a visual student. A functioning student is one who inclines toward deciphering, fathoming, and holding data in a ââ¬Å"hands onâ⬠or dynamic design. At the end of the day they talk about or apply and disclose the data to other people (Felder and Soloman, n. d. ). The degree program I am tried out is on the web; which presents me with difficulties and challenges in utilizing the dynamic learning style that I typically depend upon. An option in contrast to dynamic learning for me is visual, which will work well for me in light of the fact that online course material is something I can see to decipher and hold. Visual students are the individuals who assimilate and keep up data effectively through techniques, for example, outlines, charts, pictures, movies or shows (Felder and Soloman, n. d. ). Recommendations for progress as a visual student incorporate composition out thoughts and data for remembrance and completely using all course materials, regardless of whether they are maps, cheat sheets, outlines or filmstrips (Penn State, 2010). I am somebody who consistently peruses the bearings before finishing any assignment, consequently this fits me consummately. I completely concur with the consequences of these surveys. I am a specialist somebody who works all day every day with my hands. The things I am attempting to achieve or make sense of expect me to understand messages, graphs and pictures and take care of the issue utilizing these assets. I likewise talk about and apply the data found with the individuals who are experts of the technician calling. My purposes behind looking for a professional education are straightforward. I have to hold at least at Bachelorââ¬â¢s in the natural life or organic sciences to arrive at my objective of being a state Game Warden after retirement from the military. To be fruitful in this implies I comprehend I am a visual and dynamic student, as acknowledged in the wake of taking the learning styles surveys. References Felder, R. M. , and Soloman, B. A. (n. d. ). List of learning styles. Recovered from http://www. engr. ncsu. edu/learningstyles/ilsweb. html Penn State. (2010). Learning style stock. Recovered from http://www. individual. psu. edu/bxb11/LSI/LSI/htm.
Sunday, July 26, 2020
How to Register a Trademark A Step-By-Step Process
How to Register a Trademark A Step-By-Step Process Many businesses are under the impression that, once they have registered their business and obtained a license to operate, they are all set and all thatâs left to do is to sell their products or services and start earning money. They miss other salient points, and one of them is the trademark. © Shutterstock.com | Rawpixel.comIn this article, you will learn about 1) a trademark overview and 2) the trademark registration process.TRADEMARK OVERVIEWA trademark is any name, word, phrase, logo, design or symbol that businesses and companies use to assign an identity or distinguishing feature for their goods or products, effectively setting them apart from those of other manufacturers or sellers. The trademark instantly brings about recognition to any customer that sees it. The moment they spot the trademark, they will be able to immediately identify what product it is and, more importantly for businesses, who made it. Essentially, the trademark is the brand name of a company.Physical products or goods make use of trademarks, while service providers have their own respective service marks. They are clearly distinguished from patent, which are meant to protect inventions, and copyrights, which are for the protection of original literary or artistic works.The trademarks that bus inesses eventually decide on must be protected, so that no one else will claim and use them. That is why there is a need to register the trademark with the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).Businesses with trademarks duly registered with the USPTO will have the following privileges and benefits:Public notice of the businessâ claim of ownership of the trademark or service mark;Legal presumption of the businessâ ownership of the mark;Exclusive right to use the trademark in the United States and all other countries where the products or services will be sold;Right and ability to bring an action in federal court on any matter concerning the mark;Right to use the federal registration symbol in their product labels; andInclusion in the listings or databases of the USPTO.Registration of a trademark does not make ownership of the mark permanent. There is a need to maintain it. The registration will remain valid as long as all post-registration maintenance documents are f iled and submitted on a timely basis.THE TRADEMARK REGISTRATION PROCESSRegistering a trademark sounds like a daunting and complicated task. And it is, if you do not know how to go about it. Let us walk you through every step of the process, and you will realize that it should not be all that complicated.To simplify things, we will break the entire process down into four phases: Pre-registration, Mark Selection, the Application Form, Evaluation, until you get the verdict on your application.Phase 1: Pre-RegistrationOnce you have set up your business, you may have decided to immediately register a trademark. Before doing that, however, there are several questions or considerations that must be addressed.Is a trademark truly what you need? As mentioned earlier, trademark is meant for the protection of physical goods or services. Thus, only companies that manufacture or sell physical goods or provide services are eligible to apply for a trademark. Inventions, literary works, composition s and other types of original art are not covered.Do you need to register a trademark, or will your business name suffice? There are instances where having a registered business name will be enough to identify the company or the products and their source. You may also need to look up local rules and statutes on the registration of business names and see if this is allowed.If the answer to the two questions is affirmative, you can move on to the next phase.Phase 2: Mark SelectionThe first thing you have to do before you can apply for a trademark is to select the mark that you will use. This is actually the most difficult part of the process, since selecting a mark must be done with a lot of thought, and several considerations coming into play.First, you have to see if the mark that you want to register is eligible for registration for trademark protection. Is it âregisterableâ?There are two basic requirements that will make a mark eligible:The mark must be used in commerce. Marks meant for personal use, not business, are not registrable for trademark protection. Commerce, in this context, includes territorial commerce (selling of goods and/or services within the state only), interstate commerce (selling of goods and/or services across state lines), and commerce between the US and foreign counties.The mark must be distinctive or unique. This is so that it can identify and distinguish particular goods or services as produced or provided by one source, and not by anyone else.There are four categories of distinctiveness that the mark may fall under:Arbitrary or fanciful â" the mark is inherently distinctive. The exclusive rights to the trademark are going to be determined as to priority of use.Suggestive â" trademarks under this category are treated the same way as those under arbitrary/fanciful.Descriptive â" trademarks under this category are only eligible for protection if they have already acquired a secondary meaning in the minds and perceptions of the public, particularly the consumers.Generic â" these trademarks are never going to be protectable, or entitled to trademark protection, since they do not indicate a unique source for the product or service. Instead, they refer to a general class of goods or services.The second thing to consider is whether the mark that you have selected is strong enough on its own, and if the business will not have a difficult time protecting it.When selecting a mark, consider the following:Format of the mark: The mark format could be a standard character, a design, or even a sound. It could even be a combination of several types of marks. Here are some of the more common types of marks.Word marks are âstandard character drawingsâ, where Latin characters are used for the letters and Roman or Arabic numerals are used for numbers. It may also occasionally contain common punctuation marks. Examples include the trademarks of Facebook, SONY, PHILIPS and SUBWAY.Design marks are stylized wordings or de sign, or a combination of both. When submitted for consideration, it must be in .jpg file format and scanned at 300 to 350 dots per inch. It should be between 250 to 944 pixels long and 250 to 944 pixels wide â" no more, no less. Examples are the stylized texts for Coca-Cola and Disney.Color marks are slightly more difficult to be registered, since there is a need to submit substantial proof of âacquired distinctivenessâ, as well as the logo rendered in color. There should also be a color claim naming the colors featured in the trademark, and where the said colors appear in the overall design of the mark.Shape marks show the three-dimensional configuration or the shape or design of the product. Examples include the SHELL logo, the Coca Cola bottle.Sound marks require submission of the file in various audio formats, such as .wav, .wmv, .wma, .mp3, .avi or .mpg. Audio files should not be more than 5MB and video files have a maximum file size of 30MB. The application must be accom panied by a detailed description of the sound. Examples include the T-Mobile ring tone or the ATT sound mark.Goods or services that that mark will be applied to: There is a need to clearly identify what products will be using the trademark, or what service will the service mark be applied to.Availability of the mark: This requires obtaining clearance of the mark for use. The purpose of this step is to minimize or eliminate altogether any possible confusion or redundancy brought about by incidences where the same mark has already been registered and is currently in use.This entails conducting an analysis of all trademarks that are registered with the USPTO, as well as the trademark registries in all the 50 states of the United States. If the product or service is also expected to be sold in countries outside the US, there is a need to check the trademark registries of the countries concerned. You may perform a search on USPTOâs Trademark Electronic Search System (TESS) â" this is free of charge â" or by personally heading to the Trademark Public Search Library in Alexandria. This is also free.Phase 3: The Application FormOnce you have selected a mark, you must identify your filing basis. There are two bases for you to choose from:âuse in commerceâ: This basis is for marks that have already been used, or are currently in use. Proof must be provided on the use of the trademark.âintent to useâ: This is for marks that have not been used in business yet, but are planned to be used in the future.Now you are ready to prepare your application.Initial application forms are available in the official website of the USPTO (http://www.uspto.gov). The USPTO offers the Trademark Electronic Application System (TEAS), which allows applications to file their application directly online. Applicants may access the system and fill up the electronic forms through their own internet connection, or they can go to any Patent and Trademark Resource Center (PTRC) near their l ocation to do so.Those who do not have internet access may opt to file on paper, with a processing fee of $375 for each class of goods or services.To obtain a filing date, make sure that you comply with all the requirements when preparing your application form. Currently, USPTO has three application filing options available, each with their own corresponding processing fees.TEAS Regular: For each class of goods and/or services stated in the application, a filing fee of $325 must be paid. A filing date will be issued to the applicant if the submitted form contains the following:Name of the applicantAddress of the applicant (for correspondence purposes)A clear drawing or representation of the mark selectedA complete listing of goods and/or services of the businessA filing fee for at least one class of goods and/or servicesTEAS Plus: This option is considered to be the one with the most stringent requirements. Applicants have to pay a filing fee of $225 for each class of goods or servi ces. Aside from the minimum requirements, there are additional requirements that must be met by the applicant.TEAS Reduced Fee: The filing fee for TEAS RF applications is $275 for each class of goods or services. It is especially meant to promote processing and communication done purely electronically.Take note that filing an application does not automatically mean the trademark will be registered. In the event that the registration is unsuccessful, the fees paid will not be refunded.Aside from the processing fees stated above, there are other fees that may be required from applicants. For example, applicants that do not meet the filing requirements under TEAS Plus or TEAS RF will have to pay $50 per class of goods or services. You may refer to the Trademark Fees in the USPTO website for a more complete list of the possible fees to be paid.The various methods of payment for the abovementioned trademark fees are the following:USPTO Deposit Accounts, which can be established and subse quently maintained, for a corresponding fee.Credit Cards. Payments may be made using American Express, Discover, MasterCard and VISA.Electronic Funds Transfer may be done for those who have a U.S. bank account.Money orders or checks. They must be made payable to the âDirector of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Officeâ.Phase 4: Evaluation Period to VerdictThis phase involves examination of the application, publication in the Official Gazette, and issuance of a certificate of registration.Vigilance is a must during the period following the submission of application. Monitoring is done through checking the Trademark Status and Document Retrieval (TSDR) System every 3 to 4 months.Your application will be forwarded to an examining attorney, who will be responsible for its complete and final review. It is important that you extend complete cooperation with the examining attorney assigned by the USPTO to your application.In the event that he finds grounds to refuse the registration of yo ur trademark, he will issue an Office Action explaining the reasons thereof. He may also contact that applicant directly if there are corrections or deficiencies of a minor nature that must be rectified.The Office Action must be acted upon by the applicant within 6 months from the date it was mailed by the USPTO examining attorney. No action taken means that the applicant has already given up on the application for trademark registration.Now here is a question on most everyoneâs minds: how long does it take for the examination to be completed? It may take several months up to a year. It usually takes around 12 months for the examination to be completed and the registration to be issued, and this is when there are no problems with the application. It may take even longer if there are issues, such as incomplete supporting documents, or certain oppositions to the application.If there are no issues with the application, the examining attorney will now signify his approval of the mark. Approval of the mark by the examining attorney is first manifested through publication in the weekly publication of USPTO, the âOfficial Gazetteâ, after duly informing the applicant of the fact. A period of 30 days from the date of publication is provided for any party to come forward with their concerns or oppositions to the mark.If there is an opposition, the proceedings will be taken to the Trademark Trial and Appeal Board. If not, the USPTO will now register the mark. The applicant, who is now the rightful owner of the mark, will be given a certificate of registration signifying the fact.That does not end there, however. The new owner of the registered mark has to file certain documents to maintain the registration and keep it alive.Finally, here are some additional tips to guide you when you are filling up the application form:All the fields are mandatory, so do not leave any blank fields. Make sure the application form is âcompletelyâ filled up, with all the requested information provided. This is to reduce delays.Make sure you have a valid and active e-mail address. To prevent USPTO correspondence from being redirected to your Outbox or Spam, do not forget to include USPTO as one of your authorized e-mail senders.The USPTO does not really require that you use an attorney to represent you when applying for a trademark registration. However, they are not against it either. In case you opt to acquire the services of an attorney, take note that the USPTO allows only attorneys licensed to practice law in the US. They must also be a member in good standing of the stateâs highest court.
Friday, May 22, 2020
Catcher Rye And Perfect Day For Bananafish - 1562 Words
The Catcher in The Rye and Perfect Day For Bananafish In ââ¬Å"The Catcher in the Ryeâ⬠,by J.D Salinger, Holden Caulfield, a troubled 16 year old boy who constantly gets kicked out of every school takes it upon himself to become ââ¬Å"The Catcher in the Ryeâ⬠, in reality not being real occupation but an idea he chose to adopt for himself after he heard a little boy singing in the street. The catcher in the Rye can be described in Holdenââ¬â¢s perspective as a person, almost like a hero that helps children in the attempt to keep their innocence. ââ¬Å" Thousands of little kids, and nobodyââ¬â¢s around- nobody big, I mean-except me .And iââ¬â¢m standing on the edge of some crazy cliff. What I have to do , I have to catch everybody if they start to go over theâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Fantasising a lot about sex is one of Holdenââ¬â¢s hobbies which is why he thinks heââ¬â¢s a sex maniac, but what he seeks for is a type of authentic love that cannot be ac accomplished by sleeping with random girls he feels nothing for which is why he never got around to losing his innocence.ââ¬Å"If you want to know the truth,Iââ¬â¢m a virgin.I really am.Iââ¬â¢ve had quite a few opportunities to lose my virginity and all, but iââ¬â¢ve never gotten around to it yet,something always happensâ⬠...ââ¬Å"If you want to know the truth,Iââ¬â¢m a virgin.I really am.Iââ¬â¢ve had quite a few opportunities to lose my virginity and all, but iââ¬â¢ve never gotten around to it yet.something always happensâ⬠(J.D Salinger, p.92) . Also another part of why Holden may be holding back on his chances is the death of his brother Allie which leaves an empty space that Holden seeks love to complete which ties back to not wanting to do it with anyone he doesnââ¬â¢t completely love. Immediately after hearing a little boy sing ââ¬Å"If a body catch a body coming through the ryeâ⬠(J.D Salinger,ch.16) Holden wants to become the catcher in the rye because his weakness seem to be children in a non pedophilic way in that he wants to protect them from what he has already been corrupted with . Phoebe, also being Holdenââ¬â¢s little sister can also be a reason why he becomesShow MoreRelatedDeath Of A Salesman Analysis1351 Words à |à 6 Pagesexpectations and start focusing on himself. Biff is finally able to break free of the mental burden of trying to fit Willyââ¬â¢s definition of success, resolving his internal conflict. In addition to Biff, Holden in The Catcher in the Rye and Seymour Glass in A Perfect Day For Bananafish, also express their own crises of meaning and the different ways in which they resolve them. Biffââ¬â¢s crisis of meaning, in Arthur Millerââ¬â¢s Death of a Salesman, stems from the idea of success that his father, Willy, hadRead MoreThe Story of J.D. Salinger2489 Words à |à 10 PagesThe Story of J. D. Salinger J. D. Salinger became one of the most popular and known American authors in America today. Up to this day students from all over the country have read and purchased the novel ââ¬Å"The Catcher in the Ryeâ⬠which was a novel that was not so long ago controversial due to vulgar language, sexual references, and unacceptable behavior; parents were concerned that J. D. Salingerââ¬â¢s novel was going to influence their children. Salinger was one of many authors that stood out moreRead MoreSummary Of The Great Gatsby By F. Salinger904 Words à |à 4 PagesWorld War II, was born on January 1, 1919 in New York City. Little is known about his early life except for his education. He attended schools on the upper west side of Manhattan, which would later be the setting of his most famous novel, The Catcher in the Rye. After flunking out of several prep schools, including McBurneyââ¬â¢s, his parents sent him to Valley Forge Military Academy. At Valley Forge he maintained average grades and was involved in several clubs and organizations, many of which had toRead More Jd Salinger Essay772 Words à |à 4 Pageswere drawn from his war experiences. During the late 1940s he published work in Mademoiselle, Cosmopolitan, and The New Yorker. At the age of 31, Salinger gained a major place in American fiction with the publication of his only novel, The Catcher in the Rye. The book quickly earned a reputation as a quintessential American coming-of-age tale. In the early 1960s, Salinger virtually stopped writing for publication and disappeared from public view into his rural New Hampshire home. In an interviewRead MoreJ.b. Salinger s A Perfect Day For Bananafish 1714 Words à |à 7 PagesThe next year he trained in England, joined the American Armyââ¬â¢s Fourth Division, and landed at Utah Beach on D-Day. He then served in five European campaigns as Security Agent for the Twelfth Infantry Regiment. After the war he started his writing career back up for the New Yorker. Some of his most popular stories include his first story for The New Yorker, A Perfect Day for Bananafish which is about the suicide of a veteran and For Esmà © With Love and Squalor which describes a U.S. soldier sRead MoreJD Salinger Research Paper167 1 Words à |à 7 Pages Jerome David Salinger, also known as J. D. Salinger, is a fascinating author best known for his novel, Catcher in the Rye. Although Salinger only published one novel, he wrote several short stories for magazines like The New Yorker and Story. A large number of these stories went on to be compiled into books such as Nine Stories, Franny and Zooey, and Raise High the Roof Beam, Carpenters and Seymour: An Introduction. Despite the fact Salinger has not published any stories in over 45 years, his reputationRead MoreThe Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger507 Words à |à 2 Pagesin many of his books have an innocence that Salinger grasps onto and makes adults corrupt. Also, he shows how children are teachers to adults but can still be foolish. Purity in children are expressed throughout many stories by Salinger. In Catcher In the Rye, Holden repeatedly expressed ââ¬Å"Did you ask her if she still keeps all her kings in back row?â⬠(42). He kept the idea of purity with jane(the girl he asked about) and only saw her as still a child and not as a teenage girl already having sex. TheRead More The Writings of J.D. Salinger Essay1513 Words à |à 7 PagesUniversity where he decided to become a writer. Salinger published short story collections and one novel. His best known work, The Catcher in the Rye, was published in 1951. The short stories he wrote were Nine Stories in 1953, Franny and Zooey in 1961, Raise High the Roofbeams, Carpenters and Seymour: An Introduction in 1963, Young Folk in 1940 and A Perfect Day for Bananafish in 1948. Many critics have considered J.D. Salinger a very controversial writer because of the subject matters he wroteRead More Mysterious ways of J.D. Salinger Essay1582 Words à |à 7 Pagesin 1 945 (French xiii ). His first book was then published six years later in 1951 (French xiv). nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;I think that the most important and interesting factors of Salinger life happened after 1951 with the publishing of Catcher in the Rye. It wasnââ¬â¢t until this point in the writers life that he really started to feel the all the criticism rush in. This is what I feel, along with all the deception that started to come in convinced him to move to Cornish, New Hampshire only twoRead MoreSummary Of Salinger s The Doctrine Of Love 1994 Words à |à 8 PagesShort Story Analysis Paper The majority of his works, J.D. Salinger has implemented many replicated themes. Love is possibly the most prevalent throughout all of his writings and is displayed in such works as ââ¬Å"A Perfect Day for Bananafish,â⬠ââ¬Å"The Laughing Man,â⬠ââ¬Å"For Esmeââ¬âWith Love and Squalor,â⬠ââ¬Å"Pretty Mouth and Green My Eyes,â⬠ââ¬Å"Teddy,â⬠and ââ¬Å"Uncle Wiggly in Connecticut.â⬠Salinger uses the element of Love to bring about more meaning in the stories and depth to the each of their plots, and does so
Friday, May 8, 2020
The Threat Of Homeland Security - 1035 Words
Homeland Security was created to protect not only the persons living and infrastructures within the U.S. but outside as well. Though its existence, homeland security has done a spectacular job due to the fact that the country is still standing. There are many persons and countries that would love to see America fall flat on its face. Through corrective policy action and growth within our intelligence functions we are now as strong as we were before. Nonetheless, Homeland security may still have its flaws. In recent events, we have seen mass riots such as that in Ferguson, Mo and lone wolfs attacks in the U.S. This has caused the activation of our National Guard. The military plays a large part in overseas accomplishments and also plays a part within our borders. For military members to be utilized on U.S soil they must first be activated by way of Title 10 orders. Before this can happen, the in state governor must first place a request for military support. That request is then route d to congress for approval. Military presence is used more so in augmentation on a temporary basis until local authorities gather enough forces to disperse the situation. The military also has a larger role to play in securing our homeland. If you look up and the sky you see a lot of space with these small lines in it that streak across the sky. These are most likely our fighter jets patrolling our friendly skies. This was pivotal in the response during 9/11. Our fighters were able to shootShow MoreRelatedQuestions Witnesses At Hearing On Threats To Homeland Security860 Words à |à 4 PagesPoints from Chairman McCaul Questions Witnesses at Hearing on Threats to Homeland Security With this being a small section of the overall interview a lot was played to the bear of reality of how much still needs to be learned. With the point about our nation, intellectual property, cyber warfare, and attacks on financial institutions. This was a video recording from 2013 about situations happening during that time. Not being able to see into the future of what would happen what still needs to beRead MoreDepartment Of Homeland Security : A Nation We Must Never Overlook Any Threat2403 Words à |à 10 Pagesmust never overlook any threat. With groups like ISIS and other terror groups we must always be vigilant. One area where we must pay close attention is within our nationââ¬â¢s critical infrastructures. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) has identified 16 critical infrastructure sectors. These sectors assets, systems, and networks are considered so vital to our nation that their destruction or incapacitation would cause grave harm to our national security, economic s ecurity, and public health or safetyRead MoreOverview of the US Department of Homeland Security925 Words à |à 4 PagesDepartment of Homeland Security: The U.S. Department of Homeland Security was formed more than a decade ago with a very significant mission of safeguarding Americas homeland from hazards, threats, and national disasters. This department conducts its mission through securing the countrys borders, preventing terror attacks, and responding to incidents or threats to its citizens (Miller, n.d.). Generally, the most important roles of the Department of Homeland Security are to lead a concerted nationalRead MoreHomeland Security And Homeland Terrorism1206 Words à |à 5 PagesHomeland security can be seen as a loosely based term as it is still a relatively new area of the United States strategy. Since its creation, post September 11, 2001, there has been a plethora of additions and revisions. The homeland mission lies not only within a specific agency, but demands collected participation from U.S. agencies and foreign entities to remain strong, efficient and innovative. One can examine homeland security as having the re sponsibility of maintaining and protecting the UnitedRead MoreHomeland Security And Homeland Defense1390 Words à |à 6 Pages Many people think homeland security and homeland defense are the same thing, but that is incorrect. Both have played a role in keeping America safe, but after 9/11 that role expanded greatly. The U.S. was determined to prevent another catastrophic attack from unfolding while searching the globe for those responsible. In a world constantly evolving, our enemies and their tactics evolve with it. To effectively combat the incredible amount of threats America faces, many federal entities and missionRead MoreHomeland Security And The Security1435 Words à |à 6 Pagesdefined to the point it is today. The Homeland Security Department is a fairly new program which is constantly improving and adjusting in accordance to the threats that may arise. In the attempt to secure the United States, homeland security has become paramount and a lot of emphasis is being p rovided so as to ensure the safety of the borders and the citizens of the United States. So one must ponder what the difference between homeland security and homeland defense are since they both tend to meanRead MoreWhat Role Does Risk Management Play Within The Homeland Security Enterprise?1186 Words à |à 5 Pagesmanagement play within the homeland security enterprise? To answer that question we first have to examine what risk management is. Risk management is an anaclitic approach to figuring out the likelihood that an event will impact a specific assets, person, or function and then implementing steps to mitigate the impact or consequence of the event. (Decker, 2001) The Standard risk management formula that the Department of Homeland Security uses is R=T*V*C or Risk = Threat * Vulnerability * ConsequenceRead MoreHomeland Security And Homeland Defense1321 Words à |à 6 Pages11, 2001 events, the United States of America gravitated towards a more aggressive approach in it s security. The result of the tragic events was the establishment of homeland security. The White House, the federal government and the Congress joined together to establish it. On September 20, 2001, President George W. Bush issued an executive order 13228 to establish an Office of Homeland Security within the White House and assigning the Governor of Pennsylvania, Tom Ridge as its Director (BullockRead MoreThe Terrorist Attack On The World Trade Center1296 Words à |à 6 Pagesdirector of the nascent Office of Homeland Securityâ⬠(Homeland Security past, present, future). Homeland Security is to oversee and coordinate a comprehensive national strategy to safeguard the United States against terrorism and to respond to any future attacks. ââ¬Å"In November 2002, the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) formally came into being as a standalone, Cabinet-level, department to further coordinate and unify national homeland security effortsâ⬠(Homeland Security past, presen t, future). ââ¬Å"ThisRead MoreHomeland Security1085 Words à |à 5 Pagesï » ¿ AMERICAN MILITARY UNIVERSITY HOMELAND SECUIRTY Brittany Staley HLSS302: Paper #2 May 11, 2014 In the years since 9/11, homeland security has turn out to be frequently and generally identified as both a word and as a Federal department. However, a large amount has been learned since 9/11 concerning the array of further challenges we face. Hurricane Katrina strongly illustrates the general impact of weak preparedness and
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Interpreter of Maladies Free Essays
Interpreter of Maladies by Jhumpa Lahiri Coursework activities booklet 2013 A Temporary Matter 1. Create a diagram of the orientation, complications (rising tension), climax and resolution of the story. 2. We will write a custom essay sample on Interpreter of Maladies or any similar topic only for you Order Now How do the characters overcome the narrative complications? 3. From whose perspective is the story told? Why are we denied the other point of view? Whose story is it, Shobaââ¬â¢s or Shukumarââ¬â¢s? 4. How does Lahiri give depth to the characters in the first 2 pages? 5. What evidence of tension does the reader get in the first 2 pages? 6. How have Shoba and Shukumar changed since the still birth? 7. Why do they find it so hard to communicate? Why is it so much easier in the dark? 8. List the revelations that the 2 characters reveal. Why does Shukumar tell Shoba his last revelation? 9. Why does the story end with the Bradfords walking past? 10. Although this story is based on Indian characters, is it necessarily an ââ¬ËIndianââ¬â¢ story? 11. How does the title refer to more than just the blackout? 12. Lahiri often gives the reader clues as to what will happen before the characters themselves are aware. What clues are given in this story? 13. Many of Lahiriââ¬â¢s stories use the natural world to underline a theme. How is the natural world used in this story? 14. How important is food in the story? What might it symbolise? 15. Writing task: take a section of this story and change the perspective ââ¬â tell it from Shobaââ¬â¢s point of view. How would her perspective alter the story? 1 page Vocabulary: dissertation, superfluous, agrarian, methodically, cavernous, paprika, candelabra, bulbous, dysentery, diction When Mr. Pirzada Came to Dine 1. Who is the narrator of the story? Whose story is it? 2. This is one of the stories that deal with the immigrant experience. How do the adults in the story try to fit into American society? Answer in detail, using examples from the text. 3. Analyse the use of food and the natural world as symbols in this story. 4. What does Lilia represent for Mr Pirzada? 5. Why does Lilia keep eating the candy when Mr Pirzada leaves? Why does she eventually throw the candy away? The Pumpkin Carving: 1. Why does Mr Pirzada decide to ignore the television so they can carve the pumpkin? What does this suggest about his relationship with Lilia? 2. Why is there a close description of what Mr Pirzada is wearing, down to his opal cufflinks? Think about it in the context of wanting to be like Americans. Why then do his clothes ring false? 3. Why do the family and Mr Pirzada eagerly engage in the carving of the pumpkin? What does this suggest about their attitude towards their adoptive country? 4. What similarities are there between Mr Pirzada and the reporter on the television? What effect does this have on the reader? 5. Why does Mr Pirzada seem so competent and confident carving the pumpkin? What does this suggest about him? 6. What effect does the eventual shape and size of the Jack-o-Lantern have on the reader? Why is it important to the story that it does not look correct? 7. Why is this an important passage in the story? 8. What is the significance of Lilia teaching the adults to carve the pumpkin? Vocabulary: ascertain, autonomy, botany, compatriot, sovereignty, camphor, fez, disproportionate, haphazard, placid Mrs. Senââ¬â¢s 1. Who is the narrator? Whose story is it? What advantages are there in not using the first person in this story? 2. How well has Mrs Sen adjusted to life in the USA? Is she at peace in her new life? Explain, highlighting the struggles she has faced. 3. Why did Mrs Sen insist on driving to the fish store? 4. Secrets are a recurring theme in Lahiriââ¬â¢s stories. What secrets are kept in this story and why? 5. What Indian traditions and customs are highlighted in this story and what is the significance of these to Mr Sen in comparison to his wife as they start their new lives in the USA? 6. Unlike other stories, Mrs Senââ¬â¢s has many settings. Why do you think Lahiri has extended the settings for this story? 7. How is Elliot presented? How does life at Mrs Senââ¬â¢s compare with life with his mother? Vocabulary: remnants, protuberant, flourishes, palanquins, audibly, periwinkle, quahogs, vermillion, portico, complementary Third and Final Continent . What is the relevance of the title? 2. What does ââ¬Ësplendid mean and what attitude to life does it suggest? 3. Give your views of the narrator, Mala and Mrs Groft? 4. What impact does Mrs Croft have on the narrator? 5. Why are the moon landings included in the text? 6. Why is the narrator nameless? 7. What is the significance of the final passage of the story? Vocabulary: intolerable, occupancy, clamorous, perpendicular, stucco, desolate, proposition, oblivious, salutation, interlude Interpreter of Maladies 1. How is this story different to those we have read so far? 2. Narrator, food, landscape ââ¬â you know the drill by now! What do they reflect and how are they important? 3. ââ¬Ëâ⬠¦ it was hard to believe they were regularly responsible for anything other than themselves. ââ¬â¢ (pg 49) What type of parents are Mr and Mrs Das? Provide examples from the text and also comment on how Mr Kapasi sees their parenting skills. 4. What is the impact of Mr Das calling his wife ââ¬ËMinaââ¬â¢? 5. How is the gulf between the 2 cultures shown through the characters? What are the most obvious differences between the guide and his clients? 6. Discuss the impact of the description of the charactersââ¬â¢ clothing. . Why has Mr Kapasi compromised his life? 8. Why does Mrs Das reveal her secret to Mr Kapasi? 9. How are Mr Kapasi and the monkeys similar in the last scene? What is symbolic about the address floating away? 10. Essay response (500 words/2 pages with quotes): ââ¬ËThe stories we tell ourselves are more important than our realities . ââ¬â¢ Discuss Think about what this question is asking you, and then relate it to both Mr Kapasi and Mrs Das. * What stories do we tell ourselves? How do they often clash with reality? * Which story holds more sway over us? Does more important mean that it is necessarily better for us? Is it better to live with a vision of the world that is not accurate over truth and reality? Vocabulary: malady, translucent, emaciated, etymology, exorbitant, indifferent, magenta, eloquently, edifice, solemnly This Blessed House Character study: 1. Compare and contrast Twinkle and Sanjeev, using at least 3 examples for each and 3 quotations for each. (You may double bubble if you wish. ) 2. Are Twinkle and Sanjeev suited to each other? Will their marriage last? Justify your answer. 3. What have we learned about Indian marriages in the stories we have read so far? A Temporary Matter, Mrs Senââ¬â¢s, Mr Pirzada, Third and Final, Blessed House. ) How successful are they? 4. How is Twinkle differ ent to the Indian characters we have met so far? Explain in detail. Extract study (Inside Stories study guide ââ¬â VATE ââ¬â Andrew Doyle): Sanjeev feeling he has the house to himself during the party, p 155- 157 This extract from the end of ââ¬ËThis Blessed Houseââ¬â¢ is at the tail end of the party. While it displays Sanjeevââ¬â¢s inability to have fun and his irascibility, it does show his growing understanding of love and acceptance. The extract ends with him carrying the bust of Jesus down for Twinkle. . What does the religious iconography represent in the story? 2. Why does he want to be undisturbed? What is his desire for a quiet night really about? 3. What does the reference about the liner notes indicate about his personality? 4. Is his desire to tear down the posters about them being blasphemous or is it about something deeper? 5. What is the stated reason for not pulling the ladder up? Where is the comedy or humour in this reason? 6. What seems to be the source of his anxiety and the knotting in his neck? 7. What stops Sanjeev from going into the bedroom? What does this suggest about his feelings towards Twinkle? 8. What is the relevance of her finding the kitschiest of the objects at this point in the story? What sort of test is Sanjeev being put through by the writer? 9. List the reasons why he hates the silver bust. What do you think is the most important? Why? 10. What seems to be the consolation to having this thing he hates on the mantel? Is this consolation enough to keep him happy? 11. Why is Sanjeev careful with the feather hat? What does it show about him? 12. In what mood do you think Sanjeev leaves the story? Essay practice: 1. Making connection between people is difficult. Discuss with reference to at least 3 of the stories we have studied so far. 500 words. A Real Durwan The Treatment of Bibi Haldar 1. These 2 stories do not reflect the same issues as the other stories in the collection. Do you agree? 2. Bibi and Boori Ma are not sympathetic characters. Discuss. 3. These 2 stories show how vital it is to belong to a community. Do you agree? 4. Both of these stories could be described as fables, as they have a strong message. Discuss. 5. To be different is a curse. Discuss. . Create 10 questions for each story, in the style of the ones you have been given in the past. Vocabulary (A Real Durwan): durwan, enumerated, deportation, litanies, almari, punctilious, parapet, diaphanous, sedulous, recriminations Vocabulary (Bibi Haldar): throes, poultice, auspicious, fruitless, pallid, replenish, non sequiturs, paroxysm, propitious, imprudent Sexy 1. Create a diagram of the orientation, complicat ions (rising tension), climax and resolution of the story. 2. How do the characters overcome the narrative complications? 3. Food, landscape, narration. 4. How does Lahiri give depth to the characters in the first 4 pages? 5. What is the purpose of telling the reader Miranda and Dev are having an affair in the early stages of the story? 6. How is Miranda presented to the reader? Give examples from the text. 7. How is Devââ¬â¢s personality portrayed? Use evidence from the text to support your answer. 8. What is the purpose of the explicit description of the products at Fileneââ¬â¢s make up counter? 9. Although this is a story based on Indian characters, is it necessarily an ââ¬ËIndianââ¬â¢ story? Would it be more of an ââ¬ËIndianââ¬â¢ story if Miranda was of the same cultural background as Dev? 0. Identify the major themes in the story and provide examples from the text. 11. Why does Miranda put on the dress for the young boy? 12. Why is Rohinââ¬â¢s character written in such an unappealing way? Revision: character 1. Complete the attached character boxes sheets. 2. List the following categories of characters and thin k about how Lahiri presents them: * Children * Single adults * Married couples (no children) * Married couples (with children) * Older adults 3. Make a list of the characters that are similar. How could you use them to prove a point in an essay? 4. Re read Lahiriââ¬â¢s use of descriptive language to introduce each character. How does she convey so much information about the characters in a relatively short time? 5. Practice questions on character: a) All of the children in Lahiriââ¬â¢s stories are searching for an identity. Discuss. b) None of the characters in these stories are at peace. Do you agree? c) While the characterââ¬â¢s lives remain largely unchanged, they do undergo a transformation. Do you agree? d) ââ¬Å"They wept together for the things they now knew. â⬠Discuss how the characters in these stories are all on a journey of self discovery. ) Many of the characters in these short stories are negotiating the hurdles of forming a new relationship. Discuss. Revision: style Short story structure: The stories fall into 2 categories: * Classic structure ââ¬â orientation, complications, resolution. In these stories the characters learn more about themselves by solving a problem or overcoming an obstacle. * Observational structure ââ¬â a glimpse into a moment of the characterââ¬â¢s life, rather than a problem to be solved. In these stories we are shown how people are, they are more about character than plot. 1. Divide the stories into classic and observational. Justify your choice. 2. Do you think that this is a collection of separate and independent stories, or a story cycle, that is, stories that are united by a common character, location, pattern or set of concerns? Justify your answer. Narration: 1. Make a list of the storiesââ¬â¢ narrators and next to that who the central character of the story actually is. Why do you think Lahiri chooses to do this? 2. What is the effect of using children as narrators? 3. What is the effect of using a narrator who is looking back at an event that has already occurred? Foreshadowing: 1. Often the reader of the short story is aware of a characterââ¬â¢s faults or impending doom before they are. Consider the following examples: * Miranda ââ¬â we know that her relationship with Dev is unlikely to work well before she does, through the fact that as soon as his wife comes back, they no longer leave the house. He also fails to call as often as he once did. (pg 93/100) * Shukumar ââ¬â we realise that Shoba is preparing to leave him by the way she is dressed on their last night. (pg 20) * Bibi Haldar ââ¬â is told early in the story that she will be saved by a man, which the characterââ¬â¢s assume is a husband, when ultimately it is her son. * Think about the other stories and see if you can find any examples of foreshadowing. Descriptive language: Chapter: The Real Durwan Description| Technique| Effect| ââ¬Ëâ⬠¦ brittle with sorrows, as tart as curds, and shrill enough to grate meat from a coconut. ââ¬â¢ (70)| Metaphor| Emphasises the harsh nature of Boori Maââ¬â¢s voice, gives the reader several points of comparison in the form of the senses, taste particularly. | ââ¬Ëâ⬠¦ Boori Ma could see some light spilling into the stairwell. ââ¬â¢ (71)| Metaphor| Gives the lights a quality that it doesnââ¬â¢t actually posses, that of movement. The reader has the impression of the light coming in a gush, quickly. | ââ¬ËBoori Maââ¬â¢s mouth is full of ashesâ⬠¦ (72)| Metaphor| Implies that Boori Maââ¬â¢s words are not true, that her history (refugee of Partition) is up in flames, now ashes. | ââ¬Ëâ⬠¦ our mosquito nets were as soft as silk. ââ¬â¢ (74)| Simile| Compares the nets to silk to show the reader how luxurious Boori Maââ¬â¢s former life was. | ââ¬Ëâ⬠¦ wha t burned like peppers across her thinning scalp and skinâ⬠¦ ââ¬â¢ (75)| Simile| Compares the sensation on her back with that of the heat of peppers. This gives the reader a sense (taste, touch) so as to empathise with the character. | ââ¬ËIt (the rain) came slapping across the roof like a boy in slippers too big for himâ⬠¦ (75)| Personification/Simile| The rain is give a quality of a human initially (slapping) to emphasise how heavy and sudden the rain is. Then it is compared to the sound of slippers to help the reader imagine the sound more accurately. | ââ¬Ëâ⬠¦ she knew her quilts were turning into yoghurt. ââ¬â¢ (76)| Metaphor| The rain is making her quilts soggy, the same consistency as yoghurt. | * Create your own table for another 3 of the stories in the collection. Symbolism and iconography Lahiri uses symbols and iconography to enhance the meaning of her stories. Think about the following symbols and what they represent: Symbol| Stories| Examples| Food| | | Natural landscape| | | Clothing| | | Housing| | | She also uses a particular icon attached to a character to reinforce her point. How do these icons reflect the characterââ¬â¢s personalities? Story/Character| Icon| Meaning| This Blessed House/Sanjeev| Liner notes| | A Temporary Matter/Shoba| Coloured pens| | Mrs Senââ¬â¢s/Mrs Sen| The knife| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Practice SAC questions for style/structure: 1. Jhumpa Lahiri uses metaphors and symbols to enhance the point of the stories. Discuss with reference to at least 3 stories in Interpreter of Maladies. . The stories are quite clearly related through a common theme. Do you agree? 3. What are the advantages of Lahiri using children as narrators? 4. Lahiri often sets up contrasts between characters and situations to show the universal nature of humans. Discuss. 5. How does the imagery from the natural world influence these stories? Revision: themes 1 . Theme pages. Make a page in your book for each of the following themes: * Loneliness * Belonging * The migrant experience * Marriage * Identity * Human contact/connections Now brainstorm everything you can think of about that theme. Create a table: Theme| Evidence in the stories| Relevant quotes| | | | Character: Mr Pirzada Physical description| | History| | Personality traits| | Audience impact| | Quotations| | Character: Bibi Haldar Physical description| | History| | Personality traits| | Audience impact| | Quotations| | Character: Boori Ma Physical description| | History| | Personality traits| | Audience impact| | Quotations| | Characters: Shukumar and Shoba Physical description| | | History| | | Personality traits| | | Audience impact| | | Quotations| | | Character: Mrs Das and Mr Kapasi Physical description| | | History| | | Personality traits| | | Audience impact| | | Quotations| | | Character: Mrs Sen Physical description| | History| | Personality traits| | Audience impact| | Quotations| | Characters: Twinkle and Sanjeev Physical description| | | History| | | Personality traits| | | Audience impact| | | Quotations| | | Characters: Miranda and Dev Physical description| | | History| | | Personality traits| | | Audience impact| | | Quotations| | | Characters: Narrator and Mrs Croft Physical description| | | History| | | Personality traits| | | Audience impact| | | Quotations| | | How to cite Interpreter of Maladies, Papers Interpreter of maladies Free Essays From the very beginning of the story the narrator depicts a very burdensome life. After leaving his homeland of India, he describes the first place he lived In London as: ââ¬Å"a house occupied entirely of penniless Bengali Bachelors Like [himself], at least a dozen and sometimes more and all struggling to educate and establish ourselves abroadâ⬠(Lair 173). This is the perfect example of the narratorââ¬â¢s determination to be successful in life and also the major hardships he will have to endure. We will write a custom essay sample on Interpreter of maladies or any similar topic only for you Order Now This also portrays how the narrator accepts and is aware of his inevitable transformation through education and hardships. He knows that his struggles will eventually lead to the ultimate achievement of revealing over three continents. After surviving on the bare minimum in London for about flee years the narrator is offered a fulfillment job in America at the prestigious MIT, which will be his third continental move. Before he sets off abroad he must go back to Calcutta to fulfill an Indian tradition of an arranged marriage. The narrator sees his marriage as Just another mundane chore and focuses instead on adjusting to his new life as an Indian immigrant In America. While he waits for his new wifeââ¬â¢s green card he looks for a cheap room to rent, which Is where he meets the first American he truly admires. Mrs.. Croft is first portrayed as an insignificant ranting old crippled woman that lives alone and rents out rooms, but when her age is revealed, the narrators whole perspective changes; after all he had assumed that she was only in her eighties. She then becomes a special and memorable person to him because he is absolutely astonished and Impressed that a one-hundred and three year old woman could still more or less be Independent or even coherent for that matter. This Is due to the fact that he mentions his own mother completely falling apart after his father passed away. He goes so far as to say: ââ¬Å"What pained me the most was to see her so unguarded, to hear her burp after meals or expel gas in front of company without the slightest embarrassmentâ⬠(Lair 1 87 ). Seeing a widow like Mrs.. Croft so bold and quick-witted, yet so fragile, was refreshing and positively inspiring to him. The way he acknowledges her life, ââ¬Å"As vigorous as her voice was, and imperious as she seemed, I knew that even a scratch or a cough could kill a person that old, each day she lived, I knew, was something of a miracleâ⬠(Lair 188). The significance of this quote shows that Mrs.. Croft was a big contribution to the narrators realization of an ever changing world where adaptation is the key to survival. As the the narrator waits the six weeks for his wife to arrive he is more than happy to make It a routine to simply sit down next to Mrs.. Croft each night and give her a little of his company. He feels compelled to do more but being of no relation he Crofts and find an apartment suitable for two people. It is peculiar that he not exactly anxious for his wife to Join him in America. He refers to her arrival as ââ¬Å"the arrival of a coming month, or season ââ¬â something inevitable, but meaningless at the same mimeâ⬠(Lair 189). These are his feelings in the beginning when he only knew his wife for a mere five days. Once she is there she makes an effort as a dutiful wife by sprucing up the In conclusion the narrator encounters an internal conflict, he slowly becomes an Americanizes Indian with attempts to maintain his original Indian culture. His conflict comes to a head when speaking of his son because it is clear that he is afraid that his son will abandon their Indian traditions. A prime example is the following quote: ââ¬Å"So we drive to Cambridge to visit him, or bring him home for a keen, so that he can eat rice with us with his hands, and speak in Bengali, things we sometimes worry he will no longer do after we dieâ⬠(Lair 197). His attempt at being the modern American occurs when he tells his wife that she does not have to wear her sari all the time, ââ¬Å"There is no need to cover your head, ââ¬Å"l said. â⬠I donââ¬â¢t mind. It doesnââ¬â¢t matter hereâ⬠(Lair 192). Another example is when the narrator tries to retain his original traditions by eating egg curry and walking barefoot throughout his house. Egg curry seems to be the one thing the narrator holds onto which is obvious because he cooks egg curry in all three continents. How to cite Interpreter of maladies, Papers
Tuesday, April 28, 2020
The Nature Of Ethics Essays - Reincarnation, Shabda,
The Nature Of Ethics The Nature of Ethics When asking the question about the nature of ethics, it is hard to explain where they came from because not everyone has the same views or religions. Since religions have different standards, there are different sources to them and different reasons for why people should follow them. When trying to find answers to questions about the nature of ethics, it is impossible to know which religions view is correct. This paper will discuss the different views on the nature of ethics of three major religions: Hinduism, Christianity, and Buddhism. Before trying to explain ethics in Hinduism, one must first know the basic beliefs in it. The ultimate goal for Hindus is to achieve Moksha, which is basically stopping the cycle of reincarnation and ceasing to exist. Hindus also believe in Samsara, which means that the present life is the result of previous existences bound by the law of Karma (Exploring Religious Meaning, 198). Karma is basically the notion that what one does in their present lifetime determines how he/she will live in their next lifetime. Hindus believe in reincarnation, so death is basically another part of the endless cycle of rebirths. Some compare Karma to the cycle of growth in crops. According to Katha Upanishad, Like corn, man ripens and falls to the ground; like corn he springs up again in his season (Burke, 22). As to what ethical principles or standards of behavior Hindus govern their lives around depends on the person. Since most believe in Karma, they tend to live their lives in manner that they feel they will be rewarded in their next life. It is said that a Hindu that is born into a low caste has been punished through the Law of Karma for something that they did in a previous life. Those who are born into a prosperous family are being rewarded through the Law of Karma because of the good they did in a previous life. How a Hindu governs their lives also depends on which of the three Margas (paths to achieve Moksha) that they choose to follow. Jnana Marga is the path of knowledge, Karma Marga is the path of action, and Bhakti Marga is the path of devotion. Depending on which marga a Hindu follows, dictates how that person lives their life. If a Hindu does not follow the standards of his religion, he will be punished. He wouldnt be punished in the sense of heaven or hell though like in Christianity. Since Hindus believe in Karma, their next life will reflect how they live their previous life. He would probably be born into a lower caste and will suffer a lot in his lifetime. Buddhism It is necessary to explain Buddhisms background before trying to explain its ethics. Siddhartha Gautama is the person who is most revered in the Buddhist religion. As a child, he was kept from seeing/learning about many of the harsh realities in the world. According to Exploring Religious Meaning, As a young man he ventured forth into that world only to discover and be staggered by the knowledge of extreme human suffering, disease, and death. Resolved to find answers to these realities of the human condition, he began a quest (Exploring Religious Meaning, 57-58). After six years on his quest, he was still unsatisfied. He then sat under the Bodhi Tree (the Tree of Wisdom) to meditate, determined not to leave until he had found a solution to the riddle of existence and human suffering. According to Exploring Religious Meaning, Tradition says that during this life and death meditation, he received illumination. Thereafter he was called Buddha, the Enlightened One (Exploring Religious Me aning, 58). During his meditation, Buddha came to realize many things. He concluded that the reason for rebirth is that it is in the normal order of life. He came to realize that the reason for rebirth is because of the law of Karma. Buddha said that those who lead evil lives in deed, word, and thought are reborn in a state of misery and suffering and those who live good lives are reborn in a happy state (Exploring Religious Meaning, 58). He also came to realize what the (Buddhist) understanding of
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